钢琴  李斯特亚星体育入口

　　匈牙利作曲家、亚星体育官网钢琴家、指挥家。是浪漫主义时期最杰出的代表人物之一。出生于奥地利东部名为莱丁的村庄，父亲是一位业余音乐家。李斯特5岁时开始弹琴，8岁时开始作曲，9岁时即登台表演。之后获得匈牙利贵族资助赴维也纳学习，师从著名钢琴老师与作曲家车尔尼。李斯特曾说：“我的一切都是车尔尼教我的。”贝多芬也曾听其演奏并亲吻其额头。1823年全家迁居巴黎，1824年在巴黎首次公演获得成功。1835年他和达尔古特伯爵夫人同居，1840年分手，伯爵夫人为他生了三个孩子，其中一个女儿后来嫁给了瓦格纳。1843年李斯特担任魏玛大公的宫廷乐长，1848年他又和俄国亲王王妃维特根斯坦同居，并成为贵族，改名为弗朗茨·冯·李斯特。1861年赴罗马，为了不和王妃结婚，1865年李斯特自霍恩洛厄枢机手下接受了剃发礼出家成为天主教神职人员，之后逐渐升等到了“辅祭品”，但他仍然身着神父的黑袍在德国、奥地利、匈牙利和意大利各处奔走授课、分文不取、扶助了许多年轻的音乐家，为音乐的发展作出了相当大的贡献。匈牙利人将李斯特视为民族英雄，每次邀请他回匈牙利，都会举行盛大的欢迎仪式。亚星体育官网1886年他在德国的拜罗伊特因肺炎不治去世并安葬于当地。李斯特将钢琴的技巧发展到了无与伦比的程度，极大地丰富了钢琴的表现力，在钢琴上创造了管弦乐般的效果，获得了“钢琴之王”的美称。他首创了交响诗这一体裁，进一步拓展和深化了标题交响音乐的内涵。单乐章结构、主题变形手法、调式与不协和音的运用等作曲技法的创新，对后世音乐创作有极其重要的影响。

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